Learn › Endocrine & metabolic
Endocrine & metabolic
Hormones and metabolism — diabetes, thyroid, weight, insulin.
16 posts in this body system.
Full-text search across every page — patient-education library, /pulse news commentary, and site pages. Try statin, TGA peptides, insomnia.
-
Hypercalcaemia and primary hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcaemia and primary hyperparathyroidism: the GP approach
High calcium on a blood test: what it means, how to investigate in Australian general practice, when surgery is needed, and managing acute hypercalcaemia.
-
Sodium disorders (hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia)
Hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia: the AU general practice management guide
Sodium disorders — hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia diagnostic framework, ODS prevention, drug causes, and cautious correction — AU GP electrolyte guide.
-
Adrenal insufficiency
Adrenal insufficiency and steroid sick-day rules: AU general practice guide
Adrenal insufficiency — Addison's disease, iatrogenic steroid-induced AI, sick-day rules, emergency hydrocortisone kit, and the AU general practice pathway.
-
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 1 diabetes: shared care, CGM, and annual review in AU general practice
The GP's role in type 1 diabetes shared care — annual complication screening, NDSS-subsidised CGM, driving requirements, and sick day planning.
-
Hereditary haemochromatosis
Hereditary haemochromatosis: diagnosis, venesection, and cascade testing
Hereditary haemochromatosis — iron studies, HFE genotyping, therapeutic venesection via Lifeblood, and family cascade testing in Australian general practice.
-
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Gestational diabetes: screening, glucose targets, treatment, and postnatal care
Gestational diabetes: ~15% of AU pregnancies. OGTT screening, glucose targets, nutrition therapy, metformin or insulin, and essential postpartum follow-up.
-
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
MASLD (fatty liver disease): the Australian general practice approach
MASLD (fatty liver disease): FIB-4 fibrosis staging, weight loss targets, lifestyle management, and hepatologist referral thresholds for GPs.
-
Menopause / perimenopause
What the WHI study actually showed about HRT and breast cancer
What the 2002 WHI trial actually showed about HRT, breast cancer and heart risk — a forensic, absolute-risk, plain-English read of the evidence.
-
Obesity and metabolic syndrome
Obesity and metabolic syndrome: the AU general practice approach
Obesity — a chronic relapsing disease. AU guide to diagnosis, GLP-1 RA, bariatric surgery, and metabolic syndrome in general practice.
-
Hyperthyroidism and thyroid nodule
Hyperthyroidism and thyroid nodule: the Australian GP guide
Hyperthyroidism — Graves' disease, toxic nodular goitre, thyroiditis — diagnosis, carbimazole, radioactive iodine, thyroid nodule TIRADS evaluation.
-
Perimenopause cognitive symptoms
Perimenopause and the brain: what actually changes, and what helps
Perimenopause brain fog — what actually changes in the brain, why bloods miss it, and the ROI-ordered AU general-practice approach to what helps.
-
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the AU general practice approach
PCOS — diagnosis using Rotterdam criteria, management of hyperandrogenism, metabolic risk, and fertility using the Australian evidence-based approach.
-
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism: TSH, levothyroxine, and the grey zone in between
Hypothyroidism — what TSH means, when subclinical disease is treated, how levothyroxine is dosed, and what to do if symptoms persist.
-
Menopause / perimenopause
Menopause and perimenopause: the modern AU general-practice framework
Menopause and perimenopause — what changes, when MHT is appropriate, non-hormonal options, and the AU general-practice pathway.
-
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes: what AU general practice actually does in 2026
Type 2 diabetes — diagnosis, AU GP management framework, second-line agents (SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA), and what lifestyle change actually changes.
-
Metabolic syndrome and weight management — dietary timing
Intermittent fasting: what trials show for weight, glucose, and metabolic risk
Intermittent fasting — what the trials show on weight, glucose, lipids and blood pressure, and how AU general practice weighs it for who and when.